A Study on the Impact of Expanding Enrollment in Universities on the Intergenerational Transmission of Education—An Empirical Analysis Based on CGSS Data

Abstract

Abstract:

Whether children can obtain higher levels of education and more educational opportunities is largely influenced by intergenerational mobility in education. This study takes the important educational historical event of college enrollment expansion as the background, and uses the 2015 China Comprehensive Social Survey (CGSS) data to empirically analyze the impact of college enrollment expansion on intergenerational transmission of education in China. The results show that parental education has a significant intergenerational transmission effect on children’s education, and compared to fathers, the influence of maternal education is deeper; The expansion of enrollment in universities has reduced the intensity of education transmission between parents and children, and this impact is mainly reflected in female children and individuals with urban household registration; Further analysis reveals that the policy of expanding enrollment in universities can effectively increase the opportunities for lower educated children of their parents to advance from junior high school to high school. Based on the above conclusions, targeted suggestions are proposed from methods such as strengthening policy collaboration, optimizing the allocation of educational resources, and strengthening the connection between schools and families.

Key words: expansion enrollment of higher education, intergenerational transmission of education, promotion situation of graduates

CLC Number:

G649

Zhang Jiayang, Shi Yinghua. A Study on the Impact of Expanding Enrollment in Universities on the Intergenerational Transmission of Education—An Empirical Analysis Based on CGSS Data[J]. Education Science, 2024, 40(3): 60-66.

Figures/Tables 7

	子女受教育年限
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)
父辈受教育年限	0.297^***	0.207^***	0.152^***	0.149^***	0.153^***
父辈受教育年限	(0.016)	(0.016)	(0.017)	(0.016)	(0.016)
省份的固定效应	是	是	是	是	是
出生时间的固定效应	否	否	是	是	是
控制变量	否	是	是	是	是
样本量	1 952	1 952	1 952	1 952	1 952
$R 2$	0.281	0.408	0.422	0.422	0.423

	子女受教育年限
	cohort1	cohort2	cohort3	cohort4
父辈受教育年限	0.144^***	0.195^***	0.181^***	0.111^***
	(0.025)	(0.041)	(0.034)	(0.037)
样本量	469	498	452	533
$R 2$	0.475	0.446	0.479	0.432

	子女受教育年限
	整体	cohort1	cohort2	cohort3	cohort4
父辈受教育年限	0.189^***	0.188^***	0.238^***	0.226^***	0.132^***
	(0.021)	(0.033)	(0.050)	(0.042)	(0.044)
省份的固定效应	是	是	是	是	是
出生时间的固定效应	是	是	是	是	是
控制变量	是	是	是	是	是
样本量	1 952	469	498	452	533
$R 2$	0.450	0.475	0.446	0.479	0.332

	子女受教育年限
	全体	女性子女	男性子女	农村	城市
父辈受教育年限	0.181^***	0.219^***	0.141^***	0.125^***	0.225^***
	(0.021)	(0.033)	(0.030)	(0.032)	(0.024)
高校扩招	0.881^**	1.189^**	0.716	0.760	1.659^***
	(0.374)	(0.532)	(0.518)	(0.533)	(0.524)
父辈受教育年限×高校扩招	-0.063^**	-0.114^**	-0.022	-0.016	-0.097^**
	(0.025)	(0.048)	(0.042)	(0.044)	(0.036)
样本量	1 952	1 040	912	991	961
$R 2$	0.424	0.462	0.405	0.270	0.269

	子女受教育年限
	(1)	(2)
父亲受教育年限	0.166^***
	(0.020)
母亲受教育年限		0.156^***
		(0.019)
高校扩招	0.739^**	0.731^**
	(0.336)	(0.366)
父亲/母亲受教育年限×高校扩招	-0.04 $3 *$	-0.04 $3 *$
	(0.024)	(0.025)
省份的固定效应	是	是
出生时间的固定效应	是	是
控制变量	是	是
样本量	1 952	1 952
$R 2$	0.423	0.424

	高中升大学	初中升高中
父辈低学历	-0.306	-0.588^***
	(0.226)	(0.139)
高校扩招	0.776^***	0.703^***
	(0.149)	(0.146)
父辈低学历×高校扩招	-0.302	0.38 $5 *$
	(0.255)	(0.231)
样本量	1,154	1,775
$R 2$	0.167	0.249

	高中升大学		初中升高中
	扩招前	扩招后	扩招前	扩招后
父辈学历
为高中	0.47 $8 *$	0.226	0.182	0.097
	(0.255)	(0.265)	(0.389)	(0.348)
大学	1.201^**	0.97 $5 *$	0.937^**	0.920
	(0.553)	(0.520)	(0.421)	(0.900)
样本量	284	509	536	442
$R 2$	0.182	0.137	0.289	0.292

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