教育科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 67-75.

• 学习空间研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

初中低教育期望学生的空间分布特征与影响因素*

杨红霞1,2, 刘天宝3, 韩增林3   

  1. 1.辽宁师范大学 政府管理学院,辽宁 大连 116029
    2.辽宁师范大学 地理科学学院,辽宁 大连 116029
    3.辽宁师范大学 海洋可持续发展研究院,辽宁 大连 116029
  • 出版日期:2022-05-20 发布日期:2022-06-23
  • 作者简介:杨红霞(1972- ),女,山东蓬莱人,辽宁师范大学政府管理学院副教授,地理科学学院博士生,主要从事教育地理与区域经济研究。|刘天宝(1976- ),男,河北保定人,辽宁师范大学海洋可持续发展研究院副教授,博士,主要从事城市地理研究。|韩增林(1956- ),男,山东商河人,辽宁师范大学海洋可持续发展研究院教授,博士生导师,主要从事区域开发与规划、海洋经济地理研究。
  • 基金资助:
    * 国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于时空间行为的城市基础教育社会—空间多重分异研究”(41971203)

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Students with Low Educational Expectations in Junior High School

Yang Hongxia1,2, Liu Tianbao3, Han Zenglin3   

  1. 1. School of Government,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian Liaoning 116029,China
    2. School of Geographical Sciences,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian Liaoning 116029,China
    3. Institute of Marine Sustainable Development,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian Liaoning 116029,China
  • Online:2022-05-20 Published:2022-06-23

摘要:

教育期望是影响学生未来发展的重要内因,准确识别低教育期望学生的分布特征及其影响因素是推动义务教育优质均衡发展的重要需求。运用地理探测器和二元logistic回归等方法可以分析初一年级低教育期望学生的空间分布特征。研究发现,市域内低教育期望学生空间分异明显:从绝对数量上看,除中心城区和下辖县(市)城区外,其他区域均存在较多低教育期望学生;从相对数量上看,呈现从中心城区向外围地区逐渐增加的特点。低教育期望的形成受到多方面因素的共同作用:学校层面的学生平均社会经济地位、教学成绩、学校空间区位、学生阶层异质性是学生低教育期望的主要影响因素;个人层面的性别、认知成绩、阅读量和家庭层面的居住地类型、家长职业及受教育水平、家庭收入水平、家长陪读情况以及子女数量等也对教育期望有明显影响。应对低教育期望问题,要采取多方面的措施,包括在空间上要关注重点地区、积极为流动子女就近入学创造条件、改进学校条件和教学环境、促进学校学生异质性、推动家长与子女更多交流等。

关键词: 教育期望, 空间分布, 教育均衡

Abstract:

Educational expectations are an important internal factor that affects students’ future development. Accurately identifying the distribution characteristics of students with low educational expectations and their influencing factors is an important requirement to promote the balanced development of compulsory education quality. Geographic detectors and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of students with low educational expectations. The results show as follows:Spatial differentiation of students with low educational expectations is obvious in cities: In terms of absolute numbers, except for the central urban areas and the county (city) urban areas under its jurisdiction, there are many students with low educational expectations in other areas; in terms of relative numbers,there is a gradual increase from the central city to the surrounding areas. The formation of low educational expectations is influenced by a combination of factors. At the school level, the average socio-economic status of students,their academic performance,the spatial location of the school and the heterogeneity of students’ classes are the main factors of students’ low educational expectations;at the individual level, gender, cognitive achievement, reading level and at the family level,the type of residence, parents’ occupation and education level,family income level,parents’ accompaniment and the number of children also have a significant impact on educational expectations. To deal with the problem of low educational expectations, we should take various measures, including paying more attention to key areas in space, actively creating conditions for migrant children to study nearby,improving school conditions and academic performance, promoting the heterogeneity of school students, and promoting more communication between parents and children.

Key words: low educational expectations, spatial distribution, educational balance

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