Abstract:

In order to explore the self-control types and development characteristics of young children, 3,544 preschoolers were selected from 15 provinces in China by stratified sampling. The “Teacher Rating Scale for Young Children’s Self-Control” was, and the latent profile analysis and logistic regression model were applied in this study. The study found that the self-control of Chinese preschoolers can be divided into three types: passive control type, constraint and compliance type, and autonomous control type. Kindergarten 1 children are mainly passive control type and constraint compliance type, and the proportion of passive control type begins to decline in the second semester of Kindergarten 1 (3.5 years old). Kindergarten 2 children are mainly constraint compliance type, the number of autonomous control types is increasing, and the constraint compliance type begins to decline in the second semester of Kindergarten 2 (4.5 years old). Kindergarten 3 children tend to balance the proportion of constraint compliance type and autonomous control type, and the proportion of autonomous control type increases rapidly in the second semester of Kindergarten 3 (5.5 years old). The passive control rate of girls is significantly lower than that of boys, while girls have higher self-control levels than boys. It is recommended that teachers and parents cultivate children’s self-control characteristics based on the three types of self-control and the sensitive period of self-control habit development of children aged 3.5~4 and 4.5~5.

Key words: preschooler, self-control type, developmental characteristics of types, latent profile analysis, logistic regression model