教育科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 9-16.

• 教育强国建设专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国高等学校设置政策演进与未来走向*——基于尺度理论的系统分析与政策展望

高书国1, 肖连悦2   

  1. 1 首都师范大学 教育学院 北京 100048
    2 天津海河教育园区南开学校 天津 300350
  • 出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-06-26
  • 作者简介:高书国(1958- ),男,山东冠县人,首都师范大学特聘教授,中国教育学会副秘书长,主要从事教育政策研究;
    肖连悦(1998- ),女,河北沧州人,天津海河教育园区南开学校教师,主要从事学校发展研究。
  • 基金资助:
    *国家社会科学基金“十四五”规划2022年度教育学重点立项课题“城市群空间演进与区域高等教育布局重构研究”(AGA220015)

The Evolution and Future Directions of China’s Higher Education Institution Establishment Policy: A Scale Theory-Based Analysis and Policy Outlook

Gao Shuguo1, Xiao Lianyue2   

  1. 1 College of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
    2 Nankai School in Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300350, China
  • Online:2026-05-15 Published:2026-06-26

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摘要：

高等学校设置受人口布局、经济发展、社会文化和政府治理等方面的影响。本研究基于尺度理论的视角,以2016—2025年教育部公开发布的文件及数据为基础,重点对“十三五”和“十四五”十年之中,中国高等学校设置的空间布局、专业布局进行综合分析和政策评估,分析和把握区域高等学校设置的阶段性特征。在未来发展趋势上,要积极调整高等学校设置政策方向,主动适应高等教育空间布局与层次结构调整并重、高等教育专业结构重构进入新质阶段、高等职业本科教育制度化与体系化持续完善,以及世界一流博士研究生教育体系建设整体加速四大趋势,构建与国家、区域空间尺度相适应的高等教育布局体系,提升区域和国家高等教育综合实力与竞争能力,加快建成中国特色、世界一流的高等教育强国。

关键词: 尺度理论, 高等教育, 学校设置, 政策评估

Abstract:

The establishment of higher education institutions is influenced by factors such as population distribution, economic development, social culture, and government governance.From the perspective of scale theory, this study draws on publicly released documents and data from the Ministry of Education between 2016 and 2025 to conduct a comprehensive analysis and policy evaluation of the spatial and disciplinary layouts of higher education institutions in China during the 13th and 14th Five-Year Plan periods. It further identifies the phased characteristics of regional higher education institution establishment. In terms of future directions, China should actively adjust its higher education institution establishment policy to respond to three major trends: the coordinated adjustment of spatial layout and hierarchical structure in higher education, the reconstruction of disciplinary and professional structures entering a new stage of quality development, and the accelerated development of a world-class doctoral education system. These efforts will help build a higher education layout system aligned with national and regional spatial scales, enhance regional and national higher education strength and competitiveness, and accelerate the construction of a world-class higher education power with Chinese characteristics.

Key words: scale theory, higher education, establishment of higher education institutions, policy evaluation

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