教育科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 12-20.

• 教育理论与实践研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

审美经验最具教育性:基于杜威美学思想的研究*

温辉, 彭正梅   

  1. 华东师范大学 国际与比较教育研究所,上海 200062
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-16 出版日期:2021-09-15 发布日期:2021-11-17
  • 作者简介:温辉(1994- ),女,山西晋中人,华东师范大学国际与比较教育研究所博士生,主要从事比较教育研究;|彭正梅(1969- ),男,安徽六安人,华东师范大学国际与比较教育研究所教授,杜威教育思想研究中心主任,主要从事比较教育、中西方教育哲学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    *教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“课堂对话的视频分析研究”(17YJA880109)

Aesthetic Experience is the Most Educational: A Study Based on Dewey’s Aesthetic Thoughts

Wen Hui, Peng Zhengmei   

  1. Institute of International and Comparative Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2021-06-16 Online:2021-09-15 Published:2021-11-17

摘要:

杜威关于“什么经验最具有教育价值”的论述一直存在模糊性,但其晚年的美学转向补充和明确了这一点。杜威寻求审美经验与日常生活的关联,把艺术回归到日常生活之中。审美经验是个体在与环境的互动中受到情感和想象力的推动,不断克服阻力,整合过去和现在,面向未来而最终达到和谐完满的过程。这最为清晰和强烈地体现在艺术中,艺术的节奏性既强调解决问题和审美体验的过程,也强调结果性的艺术作品。杜威的审美经验确立了经验的教育标准,也就是,审美经验最具有教育价值,它真正地指向生长。这就要求教师像艺术家那样思考和行动,按照艺术创作的方式,以审美经验或艺术作品为结果导向来进行范例性的课程设计和教学,以强化儿童对审美经验的获得。

关键词: 杜威, 审美经验, 艺术, 教育性经验, 美育

Abstract:

There has always been ambiguity in Dewey’s discussion of “what experience has the most educational value”, but his aesthetic turn in his later years complements and clarifies this point. Dewey sought the connection between aesthetic experience and daily life, and returned art to daily life. Aesthetic experience is a process in which an individual is driven by emotion and imagination in the interaction with the environment. The individual constantly overcomes resistance, integrates the past and the present, and faces the future to achieve harmony and completion. This is most clearly and strongly embodied in art. The rhythm of art emphasizes not only the process of problem-solving and aesthetic experience, but also the resultant works of art. Dewey’s aesthetic experience establishes the educational standard of experience, that is, aesthetic experience has the most educational value and truly points to growth. This requires teachers to think and act like artists, and carry out exemplary curriculum design and teaching in accordance with the way of artistic creation, with aesthetic experience or artistic work as the result-oriented, in order to strengthen children’s acquisition of aesthetic experience.

Key words: Dewey, aesthetics experience, art, educational experience, aesthetic education

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