教育科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 27-33.

• 教育基本理论研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

平等而卓越:我国教育分流制度的体系优化*

程红艳, 潘小芳   

  1. 华中师范大学 教育学院,湖北 武汉 430079
  • 出版日期:2023-03-20 发布日期:2023-04-28
  • 作者简介:程红艳(1975- ),女,湖北随州人,华中师范大学教育学院教授,博士生导师,主要从事道德教育、教育哲学、基础教育研究;|潘小芳(1989- ),女,陕西宝鸡人,华中师范大学教育学院博士生,主要从事教育哲学、教育公平研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2018年度全国教育科学规划国家一般项目“现代化进程中学校变革的伦理追求与实践路径”(BEA180113)

Equality and Excellence:System Optimization of Education Streaming System in China

Cheng Hongyan, Pan Xiaofang   

  1. School of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan Hubei 430079, China
  • Online:2023-03-20 Published:2023-04-28

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摘要：

教育分流制度是进行人才选拔的基本制度,世界范围内的教育分流制度在精英主义倾向递减、平等主义倾向递增的维度上呈现出精英主义、竞争主义、课程主义、自由主义、平等主义五种类型。我国教育分流制度系统属于东亚型竞争主义教育类型,强调权威主导、能力本位与成就导向,属于强制分流的“学术型—晚分流”模式。当前我国教育分流制度面临三个方面的难题:一是尚未有效改善弱势群体在教育分流中的不利地位;二是教育系统的人才选拔机制容易引发过度教育竞争;三是缺乏使教育体系保持适度弹性的“软分流”机制。构建平等而卓越的教育分流制度,需要在价值诉求上达成制度正义与社会效率的深度耦合,在实践路径上协调好国家意志与个体需求的平衡。

关键词: 教育分流制度, 教育制度, 制度正义, 教育公平

Abstract:

The educational streaming system is a basic system for talent selection and social differentiation. Worldwide educational streaming system has presented five types:elitism,competition,curricular,liberalism and egalitarianism in the dimension of decreasing elitist tendency and increasing egalitarian tendency. China’s educational streaming system belongs to the East Asian type of competitive education,which emphasizes elitism,authority dominance,competence ability-based and achievement-oriented,which belongs to the“academic-late streaming”model of forced streaming. At present,China’s education educational streaming system is facing three difficulties:the first is the failure to effectively improve the disadvantaged position of disadvantaged groups in educational streaming;the second is the tendency for the selection mechanism of educational institutions to lead to excessive competition in education;and the third is the lack of a “ soft streaming” mechanism to keep the educational system moderately flexible. To build an equal and excellent education diversion system, it is necessary to achieve a deep coupling of institutional justice and social efficiency in value appeals, and to coordinate the balance between national will and individual needs in practice.

Key words: educational streaming system, educational system, institutional justice, educational equity

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